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<?php
require_once 'php/controller/help-controller.php';
$pageTitle = "Help";
include $abs_path . '/php/include/head.php';
$_SESSION['currentpage'] = 'help';
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<?php include 'php/include/header.php'; ?>
<?php include 'php/include/notifications.php'; ?>
<main>
<article class="standard-article">
<div class="content-box">
<h1 id="help-tutorial" onclick="toggleCollapseTutorial()">
<span id="collapse-icon-tutorial">▼</span> Using the Flexibility Model Recommender: A Step-by-Step
Guide
</h1>
<div id="collapse-content-tutorial">
To demonstrate how to use the <b>Flexibility Model Recommender</b>, we will walk through a sample
scenario
step by step. This example illustrates the selection process and filtering workflow, making it
easier to understand how the tool helps identify suitable flexibility models based on specific
needs.
<br><br>
<h2>Example scenario</h2>
A <b>Virtual Power Plant (VPP)</b> aggregates multiple small-scale flexibility resources (such as
residential batteries and industrial demand response participants) to enhance grid stability while
managing uncertainties in renewable energy generation.
<br><br>
To develop a model, the first step is defining the important parameters specific to the VPP. These
parameters will guide your model selection or development process. Some of the key parameters would
be:
<ul>
<li><b>Asset Types:</b> What are the flexibility resources? (e.g., flexible loads or battery storage systems)</li>
<li><b>Uncertainty Handling:</b> How will the model address renewable energy variability? This
might involve
probabilistic forecasting, storage management, and demand-side adjustments.</li>
<li><b>Optimization Goals:</b> What are the optimization objectives of the VPP? (e.g.,
minimizing costs,
maximizing energy efficiency, balancing supply and demand, ensuring stability)</li>
<li><b>Time Horizon:</b> How quickly must decisions be made? (e.g., short-term like minutes/hours, or over a longer planning horizon)</li>
<li><b>Economic Factors:</b> Are there any constraints around cost or financial optimization, or
is it primarily focused on stability?</li>
</ul>
<h2>Step 1: Exploring Parameter Options</h2>
Before selecting parameters, we familiarize ourselves with the available choices:
<ul>
<li>
The <a target=_blank href="help.php#help-tutorial"></a>Parameter Explanation article on the
Help page</a> provides an overview.
</li>
<li>
Alternatively, clicking the information icon <i class="bi bi-info-circle"></i> next to each
parameter within the Flexibility
Model Recommender opens a popover with a description.
</li>
</ul>
<img class="tutorial-image" src="images/tutorial_infoicon.png"> <br>
<h2>Step 2: Selecting Parameters for the Scenario</h2>
Next, we navigate to the <a target=_blank href="recommender.php">Flexibility Model
Recommender</a> and define our selection:<br><br>
<img class="tutorial-image" src="images/tutorial_recommender.png">
<hr>
Using the <b>three-way checkboxes</b> next to each parameter, we categorize them as mandatory,
desired, or
irrelevant for our VPP scenario.
<img class="tutorial-image" src="images/tutorial_checkbox.png"><br><br>
In the following, we derive a selection of relevant parameters from the initial set of important
criteria, based on the available options in the recommender. To illustrate its use, we emphasize
certain aspects while intentionally omitting others, without claiming that this represents the
optimal parameter choice for the given VPP scenario.<br><br>
<h3><input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox">
<label class="form-check-label checked">
Mandatory</label> Parameters (Strictly Required)
</h3>
<ol>
<li><b>Flexible Loads</b> (Asset Type) → The VPP includes demand-side participants that adjust consumption based on market signals.</li>
<li><b>Battery Storage Systems</b> (Asset Type) → Distributed batteries are used to store excess energy and discharge it when needed.</li>
<li><b>Uncertainty</b> → The VPP must handle fluctuations in renewable generation and demand variations.</li>
<li><b>Aggregation</b> → The model must support grouping multiple smaller flexibility resources into a unified entity.</li>
</ol>
<h3><input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox">
<label class="form-check-label">
Desired</label> Parameters (Preferred but not mandatory)
</h3>
<ol start="5">
<li><b>Short-term Resolution</b> → The VPP operates in short time frames, so
models with short-term decision-making are beneficial.</li>
<li><b>Economic Constraints</b> → The VPP aims to optimize financial outcomes but does not make
it an absolute requirement.</li>
</ol>
<h3><input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox">
<label class="form-check-label exclamation"></label> Irrelevant Parameters (Not considered)
</h3>
<ul>
<li><b>Other parameters</b> are not relevant to this example.
</ul>
At this point, the parameter selection should match the intended scenario.
<br><br>
<img class="tutorial-image" src="images/tutorial_parameterchoice.png"> <br>
<h2>Step 3: Adjusting Match Requirements</h2>
We now define the <b>minimum number of desired parameters</b> a flexibility model must meet.
<ul>
<li>
In this example, we set the value to 1, meaning at least one of our desired parameters must
be present.
</li>
<li>
Setting this value to 2 would require both desired parameters to be included, effectively
making them mandatory.
</li>
</ul>
<img class="tutorial-image" src="images/tutorial_settings.png"> <br>
<br>
<h2>Step 4: Retrieving Matching Models</h2>
Finally, we click the <b>"Show Models" button</b>, and the recommender generates a list of
flexibility models that
best match our selected parameters, displaying the most relevant options first.<br><br>
Clicking on any model in the results expands it to reveal more details.<br><br>
<b>Example of a possible result:</b><br><br>
<img class="tutorial-image" src="images/tutorial_result.png"> <br>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
By following this process, you can efficiently use the Flexibility Model Recommender to identify
models that best suit your specific needs, ensuring a streamlined selection process for various
flexibility scenarios.
<br><br>
For a comprehensive overview of all available models and their details, navigate to the <a
target_blank href="models.php">Models tab</a>.
</div>
<hr>
<h1 id="help-parameters" onclick="toggleCollapseParameters()">
<span id="collapse-icon-parameters">▼</span> Parameter Explanation
</h1>
<div id="collapse-content-parameters">
<h2>Flexibility</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Flexibility Potential:</strong> Represents the capability of flexibility
resources
(like energy storage, demand response) to adjust their power output or consumption,
providing
essential services like energy supply or demand balance.</li>
<li><strong>Flexibility Requirement:</strong> Refers to the overall needs of the power
system
for
flexible resources to maintain stable operations and adapt to variability, such as that
from
renewable energy sources. This quantifies the adjustments necessary across the system to
ensure
reliability and prevent disruptions.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Asset Types</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Renewable Generation</strong>: Electricity generated from renewable sources such as wind and solar; typically variable and often requiring flexibility resources to integrate reliably.</li>
<li><strong>Conventional Generation</strong>: Dispatchable thermal or fossil-based generation units that can provide firm power and reserve capacity.</li>
<li><strong>Grid Infrastructure</strong>: Transmission and distribution assets, grid controls and interconnectors that enable power flows and system-level flexibility.</li>
<li><strong>Multi-Energy System</strong>: Systems integrating multiple energy vectors (electricity, heat, gas) enabling cross-vector flexibility and sector coupling.</li>
<li><strong>CHP Units</strong>: Combined heat and power plants that produce electricity and useful heat, offering flexible operation opportunities through co-optimization.</li>
<li><strong>Heat Pumps</strong>: Electrically driven heating/cooling devices that can be operated flexibly to shift demand across time.</li>
<li><strong>Thermal Energy Storage</strong>: Systems that store thermal energy (e.g., hot water tanks, chilled storage) to shift heating/cooling loads and provide flexibility.</li>
<li><strong>Distributed Generation</strong>: Small-scale generation located close to demand (e.g., rooftop PV, small gas engines) that can be coordinated for local flexibility.</li>
<li><strong>Electric Vehicles</strong>: Vehicles with smart charging or vehicle-to-grid capability that can act as flexible loads or distributed storage.</li>
<li><strong>Flexible Loads</strong>: Demand-side resources (industrial, commercial, or residential) that can be shifted or curtailed to provide system flexibility.</li>
<li><strong>Battery Storage Systems</strong>: Electrochemical storage units (BESS) used to absorb, store and release electricity, providing fast and controllable flexibility.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Classification</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Metric: </strong> Uses predefined parameters to either deterministically
quantify
flexibility without considering uncertainties or Measures the likelihood of various
flexibility
scenarios using statistical methods.</li>
<li><strong>Machine Learning Model:</strong> Employs machine learning techniques to predict
and
optimize flexibility based on historical data.</li>
<li><strong>Envelope:</strong> Defines the operational boundaries or limits within which
flexibility
can
be effectively measured or maintained. This includes the range of acceptable inputs,
outputs,
and
constraints on flexibility metrics or predictions.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Type</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Deterministic</strong>: Using specific, fixed parameters and conditions to
calculate
flexibility needs and potentials. These models operate under the assumption that all
inputs
(such as demand forecasts, generation capacity, and operational constraints) are known
and
remain constant, leading to predictable and consistent outcomes.</li>
<li><strong>Probabilistic</strong>: Accounting for the uncertainty inherent in energy
systems by
using probability distributions and stochastic processes to determine flexibility
requirements
and resources. These models consider variations in input data like renewable energy
output,
consumer demand, and equipment failures, providing a range of possible outcomes rather
than
a
single deterministic result.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Time</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Discrete</strong>: Using specific, fixed parameters and conditions to calculate
flexibility needs and potentials. These models operate under the assumption that all
inputs
(such as demand forecasts, generation capacity, and operational constraints) are known
and
remain constant, leading to predictable and consistent outcomes.</li>
<li><strong>Continuous</strong>: Accounting for the uncertainty inherent in energy systems
by
using
probability distributions and stochastic processes to determine flexibility requirements
and
resources. These models consider variations in input data like renewable energy output,
consumer
demand, and equipment failures, providing a range of possible outcomes rather than a
single
deterministic result.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Metric</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Active Power:</strong> Measures the real power (in watts or megawatts) that flexibility resources can deliver or consume. Critical for assessing how much instantaneous load or generation adjustment a resource can provide to balance supply and demand in real-time.</li>
<li><strong>Ramp-Rate:</strong> Quantifies how quickly a flexibility resource can change its power output (measured in MW/min). Essential for modeling fast-response capabilities needed for frequency regulation and handling rapid fluctuations in renewable generation.</li>
<li><strong>Ramp-Duration:</strong> Specifies the time period required to reach a target power level from a starting point. Important for understanding the sustained flexibility capabilities and planning operational timelines for flexibility deployment.</li>
<li><strong>Energy:</strong> Measures the total amount of electricity (in kWh or MWh) that a flexibility resource can shift or store over a period. Critical for energy-based services and determining the capacity of flexibility resources to address longer-duration imbalances.</li>
<li><strong>Reactive Power:</strong> Quantifies the reactive power (in VAR) that flexibility resources can provide to support voltage stability and grid control. Important for models addressing voltage support and maintaining power quality during grid disturbances.</li>
<li><strong>Voltage:</strong> Measures voltage support capabilities (in volts) that flexibility resources provide. Relevant for transmission and distribution network-level flexibility models requiring voltage regulation and stability assessment.</li>
<li><strong>Cost:</strong> Quantifies the economic dimension of flexibility, measuring operational or activation costs (in currency units). Essential for economic optimization and cost-benefit analysis of flexibility deployment strategies.</li>
<li><strong>Time:</strong> Represents temporal aspects of flexibility such as response time, availability windows, or planning horizons. Critical for time-dependent flexibility models and scheduling optimization.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Constraints</h2>
<ul>
<li><strong>Technical:</strong> Define the physical limits of power system components, such
as
maximum
power output and ramp rates.</li>
<li><strong>Service Guarantee:</strong> Ensure that flexibility resources meet specific
performance
and
reliability standards, such as response times and availability.</li>
<li><strong>Economic:</strong> Focus on minimizing operational costs and optimizing
financial
outcomes
from managing flexibility resources.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Resolution</h2>
Refers to the time granularity considered for analyzing power system operations and
planning.<br>
<ul>
<li><strong>Short-term:</strong> Focuses on immediate operational decisions, covering
minutes to
a
day,
essential for dispatching resources and managing fast fluctuations in power supply.
</li>
<li><strong>Long-term:</strong> Used for strategic planning over weeks to years, crucial for
infrastructure development, integration of renewables, and long-term investment
decisions.
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Multi-time-scale</h2>
If checked, it implies that the specific flexibility model under consideration
is capable of integrating and analyzing flexibility across multiple time scales (short-term,
medium-term,
long-term) simultaneously or dynamically. This means the model can handle and optimize
flexibility
requirements and resources across these different
scales in a cohesive manner, which is essential for
comprehensive energy system planning and operation.<br><br>
<h2>Mediator</h2>
Facilitates the matching of flexibility requirements with flexibility potentials within an
energy
system. It acts as an intermediary that helps integrate and optimize the use of available
flexibility
resources, ensuring that the power system can efficiently respond to fluctuations in demand and
supply.
Common examples of flexibility mediators include the power grid itself, which redistributes
energy,
and
market mechanisms that allow for the trading of flexibility services to balance the
system.<br><br>
<h2>Uncertainty</h2>
Refers to the unpredictability associated with various factors that affect the balance between
electricity
supply and demand. This includes variability in renewable energy production due to weather
conditions,
fluctuations in consumer demand, and potential equipment malfunctions or failures. Addressing
uncertainty in
flexibility models is crucial for ensuring that the power system can reliably handle unexpected
changes
and
maintain stability under diverse operational conditions.<br><br>
<h2>Aggregation</h2>
Refers to the model's ability to combine multiple smaller units of flexibility resources (like
residential
batteries, electric vehicles, or demand response participants) into a single, manageable entity.
This
aggregation allows for more effective coordination and utilization of distributed resources,
enhancing
their
overall impact on grid stability and efficiency. By treating multiple small-scale assets as a
unified
group,
operators can deploy flexibility more strategically, optimizing responses to grid demands and
reducing
operational complexities.
</div>
</div>
</article>
</main>
<script src="js/script.js"></script>
</body>
<style>
#collapse-content {
display: block;
/* Standardmäßig sichtbar */
transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
}
h1 {
cursor: pointer;
user-select: none;
}
#collapse-icon {
margin-right: 8px;
transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}
</style>
<script>
function toggleCollapseParameters() {
const content = document.getElementById("collapse-content-parameters");
const icon = document.getElementById("collapse-icon-parameters");
if (content.style.display === "none") {
content.style.display = "block";
icon.textContent = "▼"; // Zeigt nach unten
} else {
content.style.display = "none";
icon.textContent = "▶"; // Zeigt nach rechts
}
}
function toggleCollapseTutorial() {
const content = document.getElementById("collapse-content-tutorial");
const icon = document.getElementById("collapse-icon-tutorial");
if (content.style.display === "none") {
content.style.display = "block";
icon.textContent = "▼"; // Zeigt nach unten
} else {
content.style.display = "none";
icon.textContent = "▶"; // Zeigt nach rechts
}
}
</script>
<?php include $abs_path . '/php/include/footer.php'; ?>
</html>