test: add IEEE 14-bus power-flow validation case

tests/data/power_flow/ieee14/README.md

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+<!--
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Contributors to the Power Grid Model project <powergridmodel@lfenergy.org>
+
+SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
+-->
+
+# Validation case: IEEE 14-bus system
+
+This validation case models the public IEEE 14-bus power-flow test system as a symmetrical power-flow case for Power Grid Model (PGM).
+
+## Source and scope
+
+The source data are the IEEE 14-bus test case from the University of Washington Power Systems Test Case Archive, distributed in IEEE Common Data Format. The tabular values used for the conversion are the CC0 `caseformat/ieee14` representation, while the expected voltage magnitudes and angles are taken from a public PSS/E RAW representation of the same IEEE 14-bus solution.
+
+- Original archive: https://labs.ece.uw.edu/pstca/pf14/ieee14cdf.txt
+- Tabular conversion (version 2): https://github.com/caseformat/ieee14/commit/a9e12bb3f08037785631e0a5e5006b07e01e05c9
+- Reference solution: https://github.com/ITI/models/blob/1d0d1e137dccb01f7f5e5c442c8acf35ce17d474/electric-grid/physical/reference/ieee-14bus/models/ieee-14-bus.raw
+- System base power: 100 MVA
+
+The expected output validates bus voltage magnitude and angle. The reference solution provides five decimal places for voltage magnitude and four decimal places for voltage angle in degrees.
+
+## Conversion to PGM
+
+The tabular case does not provide physical nominal bus voltages (`BASE_KV` is zero). A common nominal voltage of 100 kV is therefore used for all PGM nodes. This does not change the per-unit power-flow solution when all per-unit network quantities are converted consistently.
+
+With a 100 MVA source base and 100 kV nominal voltage, the impedance base is 100 ohm. Branch series resistance and reactance are converted from per unit to ohm with this base. IEEE branch charging susceptance is provided as the total branch value through `generic_branch.b1`; PGM accounts for its distribution across the branch ends. Off-nominal transformer ratios are represented by `generic_branch.k`.
+
+PQ demands are represented by `sym_load`. The slack bus is represented by a stiff `source` at bus 1. Generators at buses 2, 3, 6, and 8 are represented by `sym_gen` together with active `voltage_regulator` components so that Newton-Raphson treats those buses as voltage-controlled PV nodes. The fixed shunt at bus 9 is represented by a `shunt`.
+
+The expected output intentionally focuses on bus voltage magnitude and angle for this first validation case; generator reactive power and branch power-flow values are outside its scope.

tests/data/power_flow/ieee14/input.json

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+{
+  "version": "1.0",
+  "type": "input",
+  "is_batch": false,
+  "attributes": {},
+  "data": {
+    "node": [
+      {"id": 1, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 2, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 3, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 4, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 5, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 6, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 7, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 8, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 9, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 10, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 11, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 12, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 13, "u_rated": 100000.0},
+      {"id": 14, "u_rated": 100000.0}
+    ],
+    "generic_branch": [
+      {"id": 101, "from_node": 1, "to_node": 2, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 1.938, "x1": 5.917, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.000528, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 102, "from_node": 1, "to_node": 5, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 5.403, "x1": 22.304, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.000492, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 103, "from_node": 2, "to_node": 3, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 4.699, "x1": 19.797, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.000438, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 104, "from_node": 2, "to_node": 4, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 5.811, "x1": 17.632, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.00034, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 105, "from_node": 2, "to_node": 5, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 5.695, "x1": 17.388, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.000346, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 106, "from_node": 3, "to_node": 4, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 6.701, "x1": 17.103, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.000128, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 107, "from_node": 4, "to_node": 5, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 1.335, "x1": 4.211, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 108, "from_node": 4, "to_node": 7, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 0.0, "x1": 20.912, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 0.978, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 109, "from_node": 4, "to_node": 9, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 0.0, "x1": 55.618, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 0.969, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 110, "from_node": 5, "to_node": 6, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 0.0, "x1": 25.202, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 0.932, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 111, "from_node": 6, "to_node": 11, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 9.498, "x1": 19.89, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 112, "from_node": 6, "to_node": 12, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 12.291, "x1": 25.581, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 113, "from_node": 6, "to_node": 13, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 6.615, "x1": 13.027, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 114, "from_node": 7, "to_node": 8, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 0.0, "x1": 17.615, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 115, "from_node": 7, "to_node": 9, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 0.0, "x1": 11.001, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 116, "from_node": 9, "to_node": 10, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 3.181, "x1": 8.45, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 117, "from_node": 9, "to_node": 14, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 12.711, "x1": 27.038, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 118, "from_node": 10, "to_node": 11, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 8.205, "x1": 19.207, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 119, "from_node": 12, "to_node": 13, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 22.092, "x1": 19.988, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0},
+      {"id": 120, "from_node": 13, "to_node": 14, "from_status": 1, "to_status": 1, "r1": 17.093, "x1": 34.802, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0, "k": 1.0, "theta": 0.0}
+    ],
+    "sym_load": [
+      {"id": 201, "node": 2, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 21700000.0, "q_specified": 12700000.0},
+      {"id": 202, "node": 3, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 94200000.0, "q_specified": 19000000.0},
+      {"id": 203, "node": 4, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 47800000.0, "q_specified": -3900000.0},
+      {"id": 204, "node": 5, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 7600000.0, "q_specified": 1600000.0},
+      {"id": 205, "node": 6, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 11200000.0, "q_specified": 7500000.0},
+      {"id": 206, "node": 9, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 29500000.0, "q_specified": 16600000.0},
+      {"id": 207, "node": 10, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 9000000.0, "q_specified": 5800000.0},
+      {"id": 208, "node": 11, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 3500000.0, "q_specified": 1800000.0},
+      {"id": 209, "node": 12, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 6100000.0, "q_specified": 1600000.0},
+      {"id": 210, "node": 13, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 13500000.0, "q_specified": 5800000.0},
+      {"id": 211, "node": 14, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 14900000.0, "q_specified": 5000000.0}
+    ],
+    "sym_gen": [
+      {"id": 301, "node": 2, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 40000000.0, "q_specified": 0.0},
+      {"id": 302, "node": 3, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 0.0, "q_specified": 0.0},
+      {"id": 303, "node": 6, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 0.0, "q_specified": 0.0},
+      {"id": 304, "node": 8, "status": 1, "type": 0, "p_specified": 0.0, "q_specified": 0.0}
+    ],
+    "voltage_regulator": [
+      {"id": 401, "regulated_object": 301, "status": 1, "u_ref": 1.045},
+      {"id": 402, "regulated_object": 302, "status": 1, "u_ref": 1.01},
+      {"id": 403, "regulated_object": 303, "status": 1, "u_ref": 1.07},
+      {"id": 404, "regulated_object": 304, "status": 1, "u_ref": 1.09}
+    ],
+    "shunt": [
+      {"id": 501, "node": 9, "status": 1, "g1": 0.0, "b1": 0.0019, "g0": 0.0, "b0": 0.0019}
+    ],
+    "source": [
+      {"id": 601, "node": 1, "status": 1, "u_ref": 1.06, "sk": 1e40, "rx_ratio": 0.1, "z01_ratio": 1.0}
+    ]
+  }
+}

tests/data/power_flow/ieee14/input.json.license

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+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Contributors to the Power Grid Model project <powergridmodel@lfenergy.org>
+
+SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0

tests/data/power_flow/ieee14/params.json

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+{
+  "calculation_method": ["newton_raphson"],
+  "rtol": 1e-5,
+  "atol": 1e-5
+}

tests/data/power_flow/ieee14/params.json.license

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Contributors to the Power Grid Model project <powergridmodel@lfenergy.org>
+
+SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0

tests/data/power_flow/ieee14/sym_output.json

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+{
+  "version": "1.0",
+  "type": "sym_output",
+  "is_batch": false,
+  "attributes": {},
+  "data": {
+    "node": [
+      {"id": 1, "u_pu": 1.06, "u_angle": 0.0},
+      {"id": 2, "u_pu": 1.045, "u_angle": -0.08696277530986946},
+      {"id": 3, "u_pu": 1.01, "u_angle": -0.22209314731627844},
+      {"id": 4, "u_pu": 1.01767, "u_angle": -0.1799923150996712},
+      {"id": 5, "u_pu": 1.01951, "u_angle": -0.1531316979114785},
+      {"id": 6, "u_pu": 1.07, "u_angle": -0.24820152759686162},
+      {"id": 7, "u_pu": 1.06152, "u_angle": -0.23316900674943444},
+      {"id": 8, "u_pu": 1.09, "u_angle": -0.23316900674943444},
+      {"id": 9, "u_pu": 1.05593, "u_angle": -0.2607260103091729},
+      {"id": 10, "u_pu": 1.05099, "u_angle": -0.26349584783208796},
+      {"id": 11, "u_pu": 1.05691, "u_angle": -0.2581446683454733},
+      {"id": 12, "u_pu": 1.05519, "u_angle": -0.26311711138440513},
+      {"id": 13, "u_pu": 1.05038, "u_angle": -0.2645255920907646},
+      {"id": 14, "u_pu": 1.03553, "u_angle": -0.2798391109477628}
+    ]
+  }
+}

tests/data/power_flow/ieee14/sym_output.json.license

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Contributors to the Power Grid Model project <powergridmodel@lfenergy.org>
+
+SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0