chore: use Debian Trixie devcontainers

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 // For format details, see https://aka.ms/devcontainer.json. For config options, see the
-// README at: https://github.com/devcontainers/templates/tree/main/src/ubuntu
+// README at: https://github.com/devcontainers/templates/tree/main/src/debian
 {
-	"name": "Ubuntu",
+	"name": "Debian Trixie",
 	// Or use a Dockerfile or Docker Compose file. More info: https://containers.dev/guide/dockerfile
-	"image": "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble",
+	"image": "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:trixie",
 	"features": {
 		"ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/docker-in-docker:4": {},
 		"ghcr.io/pablozaiden/devcontainers-features/bun": {}

README.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ It does not modify the original `devcontainer.json`. Instead, it generates a der
 
 ## What it does
 
-- Discovers `.devcontainer/devcontainer.json` or `.devcontainer.json` in the current directory, can target `.devcontainer/<subpath>/devcontainer.json` with a flag, and falls back to the built-in `ubuntu` template when no repo devcontainer is present.
+- Discovers `.devcontainer/devcontainer.json` or `.devcontainer.json` in the current directory, can target `.devcontainer/<subpath>/devcontainer.json` with a flag, and falls back to the built-in Debian Trixie template when no repo devcontainer is present.
 - Reuses or creates the devcontainer with Docker + Dev Container CLI.
 - Names the managed container as `devbox-<project>-<port>`.
 - Publishes the same TCP port on host and container.
@@ -109,9 +109,9 @@ When you run `devbox up`, the port precedence is:
 
 When you run `devbox rebuild`, omitting the port reuses the last stored port for the current workspace.
 
-If no repo devcontainer is found and no previous template source is stored, `devbox up` automatically starts from the built-in `ubuntu` template. `devbox rebuild <port>` does the same when there is enough information to create the devbox but no prior workspace state exists. Devbox prints a message when this automatic fallback is used.
+If no repo devcontainer is found and no previous template source is stored, `devbox up` automatically starts from the built-in Debian Trixie template. `devbox rebuild <port>` does the same when there is enough information to create the devbox but no prior workspace state exists. Devbox prints a message when this automatic fallback is used.
 
-`devbox rebuild` reuses the previously selected source for the workspace. If the workspace was started from `--template` or the automatic Ubuntu fallback, rebuild uses that saved template again. `rebuild --template ...` is intentionally not supported.
+`devbox rebuild` reuses the previously selected source for the workspace. If the workspace was started from `--template` or the automatic Debian Trixie fallback, rebuild uses that saved template again. `rebuild --template ...` is intentionally not supported.
 
 GitHub CLI authentication for `GH_TOKEN` injection can be pinned per workspace with `--gh-user <login>` and optional `--gh-host <host>`. Devbox stores only the selected account metadata in `.devbox/state.json` as `githubAuth`; it does not store the token. Later `up`, `rebuild`, and `arise` runs reuse that account by calling `gh auth token --hostname <host> --user <login>`. The selection precedence is: explicit flags, `DEVBOX_GH_USER` / `DEVBOX_GH_HOST`, saved `.devbox/state.json`, then the currently active `gh` account.
 
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ GitHub CLI authentication for `GH_TOKEN` injection can be pinned per workspace w
 
 Built-in templates:
 
-- `ubuntu`
+- `ubuntu` (Debian Trixie base)
 - `dotnet`
 - `typescript`
 - `python`
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ The complex example uses several devcontainer features, so the first `up` or `re
 - `.devbox/` contains all devbox-owned local state (`state.json`, `user-data/`, template generated configs, and `ssh/`) and should stay ignored by version control.
 - `.devbox/state.json` may include `githubAuth: { "host": "...", "user": "..." }` so tools can detect or preserve the GitHub CLI account devbox will use for future `GH_TOKEN` injection.
 - `--devcontainer-subpath services/api` tells `devbox` to use `.devcontainer/services/api/devcontainer.json`.
-- `--template <name>` explicitly chooses a built-in template, even if the repo already has a devcontainer definition. If no repo devcontainer exists and no template was previously saved, omitting `--template` falls back to `ubuntu`.
+- `--template <name>` explicitly chooses a built-in template, even if the repo already has a devcontainer definition. If no repo devcontainer exists and no template was previously saved, omitting `--template` falls back to the `ubuntu` template identifier, which uses the Debian Trixie base.
 - `--gh-user <login>` and `--gh-host <host>` select the GitHub CLI account used for `GH_TOKEN` injection without changing the globally active `gh` account.
 - `devbox shell` opens an interactive shell inside the running managed container for the current workspace.
 - `devbox status` reports live container state when available and falls back to saved workspace state in `.devbox/state.json` plus the persisted `.devbox/ssh/credentials` password file and `.devbox/ssh/metadata.json` metadata when the container is stopped or Docker is unavailable.

examples/complex-workspace/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Feature-heavy sample workspace used to exercise slower first-time container setup.
 {
   "name": "devbox-complex-workspace",
-  "image": "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble",
+  "image": "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:trixie",
   "features": {
     "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/azure-cli:1": {},
     "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/docker-in-docker:4": {},

examples/smoke-workspace/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "devbox-smoke-workspace",
-  "image": "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble",
+  "image": "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:trixie",
   "features": {
     "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/docker-in-docker:4": {}
   }

src/cli.ts

@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ async function handleUpLike(
     preferStateSource: command === "rebuild",
   });
   if (resolvedConfig.templateSelection === "fallback") {
-    console.log("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in ubuntu template.");
+    console.log("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in Debian Trixie template.");
   }
   const generatedConfigPath = resolvedConfig.generatedConfigPath;
   const userDataDir = getWorkspaceUserDataDir(workspacePath);

src/core.ts

@@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ export function helpText(): string {
     `  ${CLI_NAME} --help`,
     "",
     "Commands:",
-    "  up         Start or reuse the managed devcontainer; falls back to the ubuntu template when none is found.",
-    "  rebuild    Recreate the managed devcontainer; falls back to the ubuntu template when no repo devcontainer or prior state exists.",
+    "  up         Start or reuse the managed devcontainer; falls back to the built-in Debian Trixie template when none is found.",
+    "  rebuild    Recreate the managed devcontainer; falls back to the built-in Debian Trixie template when no repo devcontainer or prior state exists.",
     "  shell      Open an interactive shell in the running managed container.",
     "  status     Print JSON describing the managed devbox for this workspace.",
     "  templates  Print JSON describing the built-in templates.",

src/templates.ts

@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ export interface DevboxTemplateSummary {
   runnerCompatible: boolean;
 }
 
-const BASE_IMAGE = "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble";
-const BASE_NAME = "noble";
+const BASE_IMAGE = "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:trixie";
+const BASE_NAME = "trixie";
 const DOCKER_IN_DOCKER_FEATURE = "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/docker-in-docker:4";
 const DOTNET_FEATURE = "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/dotnet:2";
 const GO_FEATURE = "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/go:1";
@@ -40,48 +40,48 @@ const UV_FEATURE = "ghcr.io/devcontainers-extra/features/uv:1";
 const TEMPLATE_DEFINITIONS: Record<string, DevboxTemplateDefinition> = {
   ubuntu: createTemplateDefinition({
     name: "ubuntu",
-    description: "Ubuntu noble base image with Docker-in-Docker preinstalled.",
-    runtimeVersion: "Ubuntu noble",
+    description: "Debian Trixie base image with Docker-in-Docker preinstalled.",
+    runtimeVersion: "Debian Trixie",
     languages: [],
   }),
   dotnet: createTemplateDefinition({
     name: "dotnet",
-    description: ".NET SDK on Ubuntu noble via the official devcontainer feature.",
+    description: ".NET SDK on Debian Trixie via the official devcontainer feature.",
     runtimeVersion: ".NET SDK",
     languages: ["dotnet", "csharp", "fsharp"],
     features: [DOTNET_FEATURE],
   }),
   typescript: createTemplateDefinition({
     name: "typescript",
-    description: "Node.js and Bun on Ubuntu noble via devcontainer features.",
+    description: "Node.js and Bun on Debian Trixie via devcontainer features.",
     runtimeVersion: "Node.js + Bun",
     languages: ["node", "bun", "typescript", "javascript"],
     features: [NODE_FEATURE, BUN_FEATURE],
   }),
   python: createTemplateDefinition({
     name: "python",
-    description: "Python workflows on Ubuntu noble via the uv feature.",
+    description: "Python workflows on Debian Trixie via the uv feature.",
     runtimeVersion: "Python via uv",
     languages: ["python"],
     features: [UV_FEATURE],
   }),
   go: createTemplateDefinition({
     name: "go",
-    description: "Go on Ubuntu noble via the official devcontainer feature.",
+    description: "Go on Debian Trixie via the official devcontainer feature.",
     runtimeVersion: "Go",
     languages: ["go"],
     features: [GO_FEATURE],
   }),
   rust: createTemplateDefinition({
     name: "rust",
-    description: "Rust on Ubuntu noble via the official devcontainer feature.",
+    description: "Rust on Debian Trixie via the official devcontainer feature.",
     runtimeVersion: "Rust",
     languages: ["rust"],
     features: [RUST_FEATURE],
   }),
   java: createTemplateDefinition({
     name: "java",
-    description: "Java on Ubuntu noble via the official devcontainer feature.",
+    description: "Java on Debian Trixie via the official devcontainer feature.",
     runtimeVersion: "Java",
     languages: ["java"],
     features: [JAVA_FEATURE],

tests/core.test.ts

@@ -263,13 +263,13 @@ describe("helpText", () => {
     expect(text).toContain("help");
   });
 
-  test("mentions ubuntu fallback for up and rebuild", () => {
+  test("mentions the Debian Trixie fallback for up and rebuild", () => {
     const text = helpText();
     expect(text).toContain(
-      "\n  up         Start or reuse the managed devcontainer; falls back to the ubuntu template when none is found.",
+      "\n  up         Start or reuse the managed devcontainer; falls back to the built-in Debian Trixie template when none is found.",
     );
     expect(text).toContain(
-      "\n  rebuild    Recreate the managed devcontainer; falls back to the ubuntu template when no repo devcontainer or prior state exists.",
+      "\n  rebuild    Recreate the managed devcontainer; falls back to the built-in Debian Trixie template when no repo devcontainer or prior state exists.",
     );
   });
 });
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ describe("resolveWorkspaceConfig", () => {
     expect(rebuildStyleResolution.template?.name).toBe("python");
     expect(rebuildStyleResolution.templateSelection).toBe("state");
     expect(rebuildStyleResolution.config).toEqual({
-      image: "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble",
+      image: "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:trixie",
       features: {
         "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/docker-in-docker:4": {},
         "ghcr.io/devcontainers-extra/features/uv:1": {},

tests/examples.live.test.ts

@@ -88,13 +88,13 @@
 
 describe("example workspaces (real devcontainers)", () => {
   liveTest(
-    "template workspace falls back to the ubuntu template without a repo devcontainer",
+    "template workspace falls back to the Debian Trixie template without a repo devcontainer",
     async () => {
       const fixture = await setupLiveFixture("template-workspace");
       const up = runCli(fixture, ["up", "--allow-missing-ssh"]);
 
       expect(up.exitCode).toBe(0);
-      expect(up.stdout).toContain("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in ubuntu template.");
+      expect(up.stdout).toContain("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in Debian Trixie template.");
       expect(up.stdout).toContain("Devcontainer is ready");
       expect(up.stdout).toContain("SSH server:");
       expect(up.stdout).toContain("Ready.");
@@ -535,7 +535,7 @@
   };
 
   if (output.exitCode !== 0 && !options?.allowFailure) {
     throw new Error(
       `Command failed: ${command.join(" ")}\nstdout:\n${output.stdout || "<empty>"}\nstderr:\n${output.stderr || "<empty>"}`,
     );
   }

tests/examples.test.ts

@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ describe("example workspaces (simulated host tools)", () => {
     expect(await readFile(String(fixture.sourceConfigPath), "utf8")).toBe(sourceBefore);
 
     const generatedConfig = await readJson(fixture.generatedConfigPath);
-    expect(generatedConfig.image).toBe("mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble");
+    expect(generatedConfig.image).toBe("mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:trixie");
     expect(generatedConfig.features).toEqual({
       "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/docker-in-docker:4": {},
     });
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ describe("example workspaces (simulated host tools)", () => {
     expect(commandsAfterDown.filter((entry) => entry.tool === "docker" && entry.args[0] === "rm").length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(2);
   });
 
-  test("template-backed workspace lists templates, falls back to ubuntu, and rebuilds from saved state", async () => {
+  test("template-backed workspace lists templates, falls back to the default template, and rebuilds from saved state", async () => {
     const fixture = await setupExampleFixture("template-workspace");
 
     const templates = runCli(fixture, ["templates"]);
@@ -539,11 +539,11 @@ describe("example workspaces (simulated host tools)", () => {
     const up = runCli(fixture, ["up", "--allow-missing-ssh"]);
     expect(up.exitCode).toBe(0);
     expect(up.stdout).toContain("Using port 5001.");
-    expect(up.stdout).toContain("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in ubuntu template.");
+    expect(up.stdout).toContain("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in Debian Trixie template.");
     expect(existsSync(fixture.generatedConfigPath)).toBe(true);
 
     const generatedConfig = await readJson(fixture.generatedConfigPath);
-    expect(generatedConfig.image).toBe("mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble");
+    expect(generatedConfig.image).toBe("mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:trixie");
     expect(generatedConfig.features).toEqual({
       "ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/docker-in-docker:4": {},
     });
@@ -553,11 +553,11 @@ describe("example workspaces (simulated host tools)", () => {
     expect(state.configSource).toBe("template");
     expect(state.sourceConfigPath).toBeNull();
     expect(state.template.name).toBe("ubuntu");
-    expect(state.template.image).toBe("mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble");
+    expect(state.template.image).toBe("mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:trixie");
     expect(state.template.pinnedReference).toBe(
-      "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:noble + ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/docker-in-docker:4",
+      "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/base:trixie + ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/docker-in-docker:4",
     );
-    expect(state.template.runtimeVersion).toBe("Ubuntu noble");
+    expect(state.template.runtimeVersion).toBe("Debian Trixie");
 
     const statusWhileRunning = runCli(fixture, ["status"]);
     expect(statusWhileRunning.exitCode).toBe(0);
@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ describe("example workspaces (simulated host tools)", () => {
     const rebuild = runCli(fixture, ["rebuild", "--allow-missing-ssh"]);
     expect(rebuild.exitCode).toBe(0);
     expect(rebuild.stdout).toContain("Using port 5001.");
-    expect(rebuild.stdout).not.toContain("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in ubuntu template.");
+    expect(rebuild.stdout).not.toContain("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in Debian Trixie template.");
     expect(rebuild.stdout).toContain("Ready.");
 
     const rebuildWithTemplate = runCli(fixture, ["rebuild", "--template", "python"]);
@@ -588,13 +588,13 @@ describe("example workspaces (simulated host tools)", () => {
     expect(stoppedStatus.templateName).toBe("ubuntu");
   });
 
-  test("rebuild without prior state falls back to ubuntu when a port is provided", async () => {
+  test("rebuild without prior state falls back to the default template when a port is provided", async () => {
     const fixture = await setupExampleFixture("template-workspace");
 
     const rebuild = runCli(fixture, ["rebuild", "5010", "--allow-missing-ssh"]);
     expect(rebuild.exitCode).toBe(0);
     expect(rebuild.stdout).toContain("Using port 5010.");
-    expect(rebuild.stdout).toContain("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in ubuntu template.");
+    expect(rebuild.stdout).toContain("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in Debian Trixie template.");
     expect(existsSync(fixture.generatedConfigPath)).toBe(true);
 
     const state = await readJson(fixture.statePath);
@@ -604,19 +604,19 @@ describe("example workspaces (simulated host tools)", () => {
     expect(state.template.name).toBe("ubuntu");
   });
 
-  test("workspace without a repo devcontainer reuses a saved non-ubuntu template", async () => {
+  test("workspace without a repo devcontainer reuses a saved non-default template", async () => {
     const fixture = await setupExampleFixture("template-workspace");
 
     const explicitTemplateUp = runCli(fixture, ["up", "--template", "python", "--allow-missing-ssh"]);
     expect(explicitTemplateUp.exitCode).toBe(0);
-    expect(explicitTemplateUp.stdout).not.toContain("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in ubuntu template.");
+    expect(explicitTemplateUp.stdout).not.toContain("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in Debian Trixie template.");
 
     const down = runCli(fixture, ["down"]);
     expect(down.exitCode).toBe(0);
 
     const upFromState = runCli(fixture, ["up", "--allow-missing-ssh"]);
     expect(upFromState.exitCode).toBe(0);
-    expect(upFromState.stdout).not.toContain("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in ubuntu template.");
+    expect(upFromState.stdout).not.toContain("No devcontainer definition found; using built-in Debian Trixie template.");
 
     const state = await readJson(fixture.statePath);
     expect(state.configSource).toBe("template");